名师丁雪明：2010年考研基础词汇备考札记

　　核心词汇

　　1.        effort n. 努力，尝试

　　【巧记】 effortless a. 不费力的，轻易的

　　2.        background n. 背景a. 背景的

　　3.        amateur n. 业余爱好者

　　4.        represent vt. 代表，代理，表达，象征

　　【巧记】 representation n. 代表，表现‖representative n. 代表，代理人a. 典型的

　　5.        qualification n. 资格

　　6.        committee n. 荣誉，委员会

　　7.        symbol n. 象征

　　8.        route n. 路线，路程

　　9.        ancient a. 古代的，古老的，年老的，看上去很老的

　　10.    amateur n. (艺术、科学等的)业余爱好者，外行

　　【巧记】 amateur n. (艺术、科学等的)业余爱好者，业余运动员，外行‖amateur a. 业余爱好的，业余(身份)的，外行的

　　核心词组

　　more A than B 与其说B不如说A               with the same goal of 有……同要的目标

　　meet all these qualifications 满足所有的资格      make a profit 盈利

　　教育类文章

　　Passage 1

　　教育类记叙文。作者认为工程学的学生应该是文理兼备的典范，但当谈到自己的大学生涯时，却认为自己是个理想主义者兼而是个傻瓜。作者为了得到广泛的教育，努力想使自己成为思想活跃和在今后的求职道路上有自己的价值体系的人，因而选择了一所很小的文科学校，学习工程学，并认为此举必将会使自己成为一名真正的工程人员，既是技术天才又是人文学者。但最后，现实证明成为一名独特的文理兼备的学生是不切实际的。

　　Engineering students are supposed to be examples of practicality and rationality, but when it comes to my college education, I am an idealist and a fool. In high school I wanted to be an electrical engineer and, of course, any sensible student with my aims would have chosen a college with a large engineering department, famous reputation and lots of good labs and research equipment. But that’s not what I did。

　　I chose to study engineering at a small liberal arts (文科) university that doesn’t even offer a major in electrical engineering. Obviously, this was not a practical choice; I came here for more noble reasons. I wanted a broad education that would provide me with flexibility and a value system to guide me in my career. I wanted to open my eyes and expand my vision by interacting with people who weren’t studying science or engineering. My parents, teachers and other adults praised me for such a sensible choice. They told me I was wise and mature beyond my 18 years, and I believed them。

　　I headed off to college sure I was going to have an advantage over those students who went to big engineering “factories” where they didn’t care if you had values or were flexible. I was going to be a complete engineer: technical genius and sensitive humanist (人文学者) all in one。

　　Now I’m not so sure. Somewhere along the way my noble ideals crashed into reality, as all noble ideals eventually do. After three years of struggling to balance math, physics and engineering courses with liberal arts courses, I have learned there are reasons why few engineering students try to reconcile (协调) engineering with liberal arts courses in college。

　　The reality that has blocked my path to becoming the typical successful student is that engineering and the liberal arts simply don’t mix as easily as I assumed in high school. Individually they shape a person in very different ways; together they threaten to confuse. The struggle to reconcile the two fields of study is difficult。

　　核心词汇

　　1.       suppose vt. 猜想；认为

　　【巧记】 supply vt. /n. 供给；供应‖support vt. 支持；拥护；支撑；支承

　　【辨析】 suppose, expect, figure, guess

　　上述四个单词均可以作为“料想”，“认为”理解。在一般使用中区别不大，可换用。suppose 偏重于“料想”，也可以有“想法”的意思；expect主要用于美国英语中，表示对“料想”的事情较有把握；figure 指估计，判断，总结；guess 则指没有根据地料想。

　　【真题】 He’s watching TV? He’s   to be cleaning his room。

　　(A) known    (B) supposed    (C) regard    (D) considered

　　答案：B。

　　句意：他在看电视吗？　　他应该在清扫房间。

　　2.       sensible a. 明智的，合情理的

　　【巧记】 sensational a. 令人激动的，轰动的，感觉的‖senseless a. 无知觉的，愚蠢的；无意义的‖sensitive a. 敏感的，灵敏的‖sensitivity n. 敏感性，灵敏度

　　【搭配】 be sensible of=know 知道‖be sensible to sth. 对……有感觉

　　【真题】 Some plants are very   to light; they prefer the shade。

　　(A) sensible    (B) flexible    (C) objective    (D) sensitive

　　答案：D. 本题考点为 sensible (明智的) 与 sensitive (敏感的) 的区别。

　　句意：一些植物对阳光非常敏感，它们适于阴凉处。

　　3.       aim n. 目标，目的，意图 vt. 对……瞄准，对准，针对，旨在

　　【巧记】 aimless a. 无目的的‖aimlessly ad. 无目的地

　　【搭配】 aim at/aim for瞄准，针对‖the aim in sth. 做……的目的

　　【辨析】 aim, goal, object, objective, purpose, target