名师丁雪明：2010年考研基础词汇备考札记

　　praise sb. for sth. 因为……而表扬……

　　have an advantage over 比……有优势

　　block one’s path to 阻挡了通向……的道路

　　(总字数：506；单词：347；中文：159)

　　Passage 2

　　教育类议论文。根据对188,000多名学生的调查，我们可以得出结论，当代大学生选择专业时比以往更功利。他们主要的目标是生活富有，而不是是否有意义。当前大学生们学习的主要课程往往为财务而不是文学、历史等科目，但从长远看，我们知道拓宽专业领域日实施通才施教，这样学生们才能学会思考和发现问题，这也是教育的真正意义所在。

　　According to a survey, which was based on the responses of over 188,000 students, today’s traditional-age college freshmen are “more materialistic and less altruistic (利他主义的)” than at any time in the 17 years of the poll。

　　Not surprising in these hard times, the student’s major objective “is to be financially well off. Less important than ever is developing a meaningful philosophy of life。” It follows then that today the most popular course is not literature or history but accounting。

　　Interest in teaching, social service and the “altruistic” fields is at a low. On the other hand, enrollment in business programs, engineering and computer science is way up。

　　That’s no surprise either. A friend of mine (a sales representative for a chemical company) was making twice the salary of her college instructors her first year on the job—even before she completed her two-year associate degree。

　　While it’s true that we all need a career, it is equally true that our civilization has accumulated an incredible amount of knowledge in fields far removed from out own and that we are better for our understanding of these other contributions—be they scientific or artistic. It is equally true that, in studying the diverse wisdom of others, we learn how to think. More important, perhaps, education teaches us to see the connections between things, as well as to see beyond our immediate needs。

　　Weekly we read of unions who went on strike for higher wages, only to drive their employer out of business. No company; no job. How shortsighted in the long run！

　　Bet the most important argument for a broad education is that in studying the accumulated

　　wisdom of the ages, we improver our moral sense. I saw a cartoon recently which shows a group

　　of businessmen looking puzzled as they sit around a conference table; one of them is talking on the intercom (对讲机) : “Miss Baxter,” he says, “could you please send in someone who can distinguish right from wrong?”

　　From the long-term point of view, that’s what education really ought to be about。

　　核心词汇

　　1.       survey vt. 纵览，环视；调查，检查，测量

　　【巧记】 investigate vt. 调查、检查‖survival n. 幸存，活下来‖survival n. 生存者，幸存者

　　【搭配】 make a survey of 测量，调查

　　2.       response n. 回答，回应，反应，反响

　　【巧记】 respond vi. 回答，做答，反应‖respondence n. 作答，响应‖respondent a. 回答的，反应的n. 回答者‖responsibility n. 责任、职责

　　【搭配】 in response to 作为……的反应‖make no response 没有反应

　　3.       traditional a. 传统的

　　【巧记】 tradition n. 传统

　　【搭配】 by tradition 按照；据口传‖keep up fine tradition 保持优良传统

　　4.       materialistic a. 实利主义的

　　【巧记】 material n. 物质、材料、原料a. 物质的‖materialism n. 唯物主义‖materialize vt. 使具体化‖materialist n. 实利主义者

　　【搭配】 in material form 用具体形式

　　5.       objective a. 客观的n. 目标， 目的

　　【巧记】 object n. 物体， 目标‖objectively ad. 客观地‖objection n. 反对

　　【搭配】 be objective about 对……很客观‖object to sb./sth. 不赞成，反对

　　【辨析】 object, oppose

　　object 指个人对某事提出不同意见；oppose指着重动作，反对的对象一般是重大的事。

　　6.       financially ad. 财政上的

　　【巧记】 finance n. 财政(家) (pl。) 资金vt. 为……提供资金‖financial a. 财政的‖financially ad. 财政上‖financier n. 财政家

　　【搭配】 finance market 金融市场‖minister of finance 财政部长‖financial means 财产、财力‖financial recession 经济萧条‖financial aid. 助学金

　　7.       philosophy n. 哲学

　　【巧记】 philosophical a. 哲学的，达观的，冷静的‖philosopher n. 哲学家、哲人‖philosophyic(al) a. 哲学上的，哲人似的，冷静的

　　8.       literature n. 文学(作品)文献， 图书资料

　　【巧记】 literacy n. 识字， 有文化， 有读写能力‖literal a. 文字上的，字面的‖literally a. 字面地， 逐句地‖literary a. 文学的，从事写作的‖literate a. 在读写能力的， 有文化的， 受过良好教育的

　　9.       enrollment n. 吸收，招收

　　【巧记】 enroll vt. 登记，编入，使入伍 (入学)‖enrollee n. 被征入伍者，入学(会)者‖enrollment n. 登记，注册(人数)；入学(人数)

　　10.   representative n. 代表，代理人a. 典型的，有代表性的

　　【巧记】 represent vt. 代表，代理，表示，象征‖representation n. 代表，表现描写‖representational a. 描写的，表示的

　　【辨析】 representative, agent, substitute