2019年山东济南中考英语模拟试题

　　C

　　Many years ago, a French naturalist, Comte de Buffon, wrote some books about natural history. The books were a great success even though some critics(批评家)did not like them.

　　Thomas Jefferson did not like what Comte de Buffon had said about the natural wonders(奇观)of the New World. It seemed to Jefferson that Comte de Buffon had spoken of natural wonders in America as if(好像)they were unimportant.

　　This troubled Thomas Jefferson. He was also a naturalist, as well as a farmer, an inventor, a historian, a writer and a politician(政治家). He had seen the natural wonders of Europe. To him, they were no more important than those of the New World.

　　In 1788, Thomas Jefferson wrote about his home state, Virginia. While writing, he thought of its natural beauty and then of the words of Comte de Buffon. At that moment, Jefferson created a new word—belittle. He said, “Comte de Buffon believes that nature belittles her productions on this side of the Atlantic(大西洋).”

　　Noah Webster, the American word expert, liked this word. He put it in the English language dictionary in 1806, “Belittle—to make small, unimportant.”

　　Americans had already accepted Jefferson’s word and started to use it. In 1797, the Independent Chronicle(独立纪事报)used the word to describe a politician the paper supported. “It is an honorable man,” the paper wrote, “so let the opposition try to belittle him as much as they please.”

　　In 1872, a famous American word expert decided that the time had come to kill this word. He said, “Belittle shouldn’t become English. And more critical writers of America, like those of Britain, feel no need of it.”

　　This expert failed to kill the word. Today, belittle is used where the English language is spoken.

　　53. Thomas Jefferson was NOT a ______.

　　A. naturalist B. historian C. politician D. musician

　　54. We can infer(推断)that Jefferson created the word “belittle” out of his ______.

　　A. anger B. excitement C. kindness D. responsibility

　　55. What can we know about the word “belittle” from the passage?

　　A. It has already disappeared from the English language.

　　B. It had been used before it was put in the English language dictionary.

　　C. It is used to describe natural wonders now.

　　D. An American politician decided to kill this word in 1872.

　　56. What’s the passage mainly about?

　　A. How the word “belittle” came into being. B. The argument about natural wonders.

　　C. Every word has a long history behind. D. Noah Webster supported Jefferson’s idea.

　　D

　　You don’t need to get in a time-travelling machine to see how technology will change our lives, such as the way we shop. Several new technologies that are to change your buying habits already appear. Let’s see what’s in store for your future shopping.

　　Try it on, virtually(虚拟地). Want to shop online for a new pair of glasses? You don’t need to guess which pair looks best on you—use the eBay Fashion iPhone app to try a pair of glasses you’re checking out on a picture of your face. But what about buying something bigger? Thanks to Microsoft Kinect’s action tracking(跟踪)camera, you can cover clothes on your screen body. You can even choose the background of your virtual fitting room to improve your shopping experience.

　　Get a perfect, custom fit. Everyone’s body is shaped differently. To get a perfect fit, you sometimes have to get your clothes changed. But by using 3D scanning technology, all the clothes you buy will fit your body perfectly. Some companies scan(扫描)your body using High-tech to get the real sizes, so they can make special clothes just for you.

　　High-tech shopping carts(推车)and checkout counters(收银台). High-tech shopping carts could be common in malls and supermarkets in the future. Microsoft Kinect-enabled carts are under test. The cart can follow you along the aisles(通道), controlled only by your movement and your voice.

　　In the United States, several supermarkets use a certain set called “Scan It” that gives buyers the freedom to scan products on their own while they shop. If we don’t want to wait in line before the checkout counters, we can use Toshiba’s new object Recognition Scanner. The machine identifies(辨认)a product as soon as it’s placed in front of a camera just by its shape and color, even if it has no bar code.

　　57. According to Paragraph 2, the eBay Fashion iPhone app can ______.

　　A. only make pictures of our faces B. help us sell more clothes online

　　C. create us a virtual dressing room D. choose suitable glasses for us

　　58. Which of the following can help get the correct shape of our body?

　　A. Object Recognition Scanner. B. The eBay Fashion iPhone app.

　　C. 3D scanning technology. D. Microsoft Kinect-enabled carts.

　　59. What can we infer from this passage?

　　A. Checkout counters will disappear from supermarkets in future.

　　B. High-tech shopping carts will be widely used in malls and supermarkets

　　C. “Scan It” cannot be used by buyers themselves.

　　D. The new technologies are only dreams that are impossible to come true.

　　60. This passage mainly talks about ______.

　　A. a new time-travelling machine B. the influence of new technology

　　C. some inventions to change habits D. the ways for future shopping

　　第四部分 书面表达(共三节)

　　第一节 词汇运用(共两题，满分15分)

　　(一)单词拼写(共5小题：每小题1分，满分5分)

　　根据句意和首字母或汉语提示，将单词的正确形式完整地写在答题卡相应的位置上。

　　61. The last bus has already gone. I’m afraid we have no c______ but to take a taxi.

　　62. –Wow! You’ve got so many skirts.

　　--But n______ of them are in fashion now.

　　63. As a translator, u______ the true meaning that people want to express is very important.

　　64. The traditional Chinese culture will be ______(有帮助的)for our future if we can learn more.

　　65. WeChat’s popularity grows quickly because it’s convenient for people to ______(交流)with each other.

　　(二)综合填空(共10小题：每小题1分，满分10分)

　　根据短文内容，用方框中所给词语的适当形式填空，使文章通顺、完整。(每词限用一次)

　　place, share, important, end, because, influence, successful, across, trade, like

　　A road is a bridge between two places. The Silk Road has been a bridge East and West for more than 2,000 years. The Silk Road has been (66)______ included into the UNESCO World Heritage List(世界文化遗产名录)at the 38th session of the World Heritage Committee in Doha.

　　But did you know: the Silk Road is not a single route(路线)! It is a series of (67)______ and cultural transmission(传递)routes. It began during the Western Han Dynasty. The trade route starts from the city of Xi’an in Shannxi Province and (68) ______ in Eastern Europe, near today’s Turkey and the Mediterranean Sea. The Silk Road was about 6,500 kilometers long. It went (69) ______ one-fourth of the planet.

　　The Silk Road got its name (70) _____ Chinese silk used to be carried along this road. Apart from silk, jade, ceramics and iron went west to Rome. From the west came glass, gems and food (71) ______ carrots and sesame(芝麻).

　　The Silk Road was very (72) ______ to both China and the rest of the world. Besides trade, knowledge about science, arts and literature, as well as crafts and technologies was (73) ______ across the Silk Road. In this way, languages and cultures developed and (74) ______ each other.

　　Today, (75) ______ along the Silk Road are great travel destinations(目的地),such as the Terracotta Warriors in Xi’an and Mogao Grottoes in Dunhuang Gansu.

　　第二节 阅读表达(共5小题：每小题2分，满分10分)

　　阅读下面的短文，并根据短文后的要求答题。(请注意问题后的字数要求)

　　[1]Once, when there was a famine(饥荒), a rich baker sent for twenty of the poorest children in the town, and said to them, “In this basket there is a loaf(面包)for each of you. Take it, and come back to me every day at this hour for more.”

　　[2]The hungry children gathered eagerly about the basket, and fought over the bread because each wanted the largest loaf. At last they went away without even (77)______ the good baker.

　　[3]Gretchen, a poorly dressed little girl, did not fight or struggle with the other children, but stood quietly in the distance(远处), When the badly behaved children had left. Gretchen took the smallest loaf, which was all that was left in the basket. She kissed the baker’s hand and went home.

　　[4](78)第二天，孩子们表现得像以前一样糟糕。Gretchen got a loaf almost half the size of the one she got the first day. When she came home, her mother cut the loaf open. Many new shining pieces of silver fell out of it.

　　[5]Her mother was very worried and said, “Take the money back to the baker at once. The silver must have fallen into the dough by accident. By quick, Gretchen!”

　　[6]When the little girl gave the rich man her mother’s message, he said, “(79) It was no mistake, I had the silver pieces put into the smallest loaf to reward(奖赏)you. Always be as content(满足),peaceable, and thankful as you now are. Go home now, and tell your mother that the money is yours to keep.”

　　76. What did Gretchen do while the others fought over the bread?(no more than 6 words)

　　77. Fill in the blank in the second paragraph with proper words(no more than 3 words).

　　78. Translate the Chinese sentence in the fourth paragraph into English.

　　79. Translate the underlined sentences in the sixth paragraph into Chinese.

　　80. What do you think of Gretchen and her mother?

　　第三节 写作(共1题，满分20分)

　　如今，很多城市出现了一种绿色出行方式――共享单车(bike-sharing),它因环保、便捷而备受青睐，但同时也引发了一些问题。请你根据提示以“Bike-sharing”为题写一篇英语短文，表达自己的看法和建议。

　　要点提示：

　　AdvantagesBe convenient, less pollution, reduce the traffic pressure(减缓交通压力)

　　Take exercise…

　　ProblemsThrow away, damage(毁损), be stolen…

　　AdviceCivilized(文明的), follow the rules, take good care of…

　　注意：

　　1. 短文应包括以上要点，可适当发挥，以使行文连贯;

　　2. 文中不得出现真实的人名、校名及地名;

　　3. 词数：80-100(文章开头已给出，不计入总词数)。

　　Bike-sharing

　　Today, as a greener means of transportation, bike-sharing is becoming more and more popular in many cities.

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