第38题

　　1. 题干分析：

　　Benjamin Friedman believed that economic recession may_____.

　　该题为：事实细节题，关键点在：BF。问的是他的相信。只要找到BF此人，研读其观点，便可解题。

　　2.研读解题：

　　通读原文，BF的主张出现在第三段第二句，一直到该段落内容结束都是其观点：Benjamin Friedman argues that both inside and outside the U.S. , lengthy periods of economic stagnation or decline have almost always left society more mean-spirited and less inclusive, and have usually stopped or reversed the advance of rights and freedoms. Anti-immigrant sentiment typically increases, as does conflict between races and classes.

　　结合文章研读选项：

　　[A]impose a heavier burden on immigrants

　　A选项解读：加重外来移民的负担。

　　原文中表述如下：Anti-immigrant sentiment typically increases即反移民的情绪增加，但是这不是移民的负担，所以与上题的多干扰项一样，属于同形不同义，排除。

　　[B]bring out more evils of human nature

　　B选项解读：使显示出更多的人性的罪恶。

　　通过对“engthy periods of economic stagnation or decline have almost always left society more mean-spirited and less inclusive, and have usually stopped or reversed the advance of rights and freedoms. Anti-immigrant sentiment typically increases, as does conflict between races and classes.”的综合，可以确定，此选项为正确选项。

　　“[C]Promote the advance of rights and freedoms，C选项，推动权力和自由的进步”以及“[D]ease conflicts between races and classes，D选项，缓和各个种族与各个阶级之间的冲突”明显与原文“stopped or reversed the advance of rights and freedoms.”以及“does conflict between races and classes”不符合，所以排除。故，答案为B选项。

　　第39题

　　1. 题干分析：

　　The research of Till Von Wachther suggests that in recession graduates from elite universities tend to _____.

　　可以翻译为：对于TVW的研究建议在衰退中的名牌大学的毕业生倾向于______。

　　关键点在于：“TVW”和“elite universities ”。需要知道名牌大学生在衰退中的情况。

　　2.研读解题：

　　第39题，“TVW”定位在第四段第二句，“elite universities”定位在同句，所以该句一直到最后都是解题区域：The research of Till Von Wachter, the economist in Columbia University, suggests that not all people graduating into a recession see their life chances dimmed: those with degrees from elite universities catch up fairly quickly to where they otherwise would have been if they had graduated in better times; it is the masses beneath them that are left behind.

　　第39题，结合文章研读选项：

　　[A]lag behind the others due to decreased opportunities

　　A选项解读：由于缺少机会而落后于其他人。

　　文章中有“decrease opportunities to cross them”，但是此句，只是在讨论前面的核心点“class divides”，而不是有关于“elite universities”。

　　而“left behind”所在“ it is the masses beneath them that are left behind.”这一句是一个明显的强调句型，还原为原句后是：the masses beneath them are left behind. 其中them指代前面的“those with degrees from elite universities”即题干中的名牌大学生。故该句翻译成：在名牌大学之后的大众们被抛在后面。

　　所以，名牌大学生没有因为机会少而落后，故属于同形不同义，排除。

　　[B]catch up quickly with experienced employees

　　B选项解读：以很快赶上了经验丰富的员工。

　　原文中有：those with degrees from elite universities catch up fairly quickly to where they otherwise would have been if they had graduated in better times。其“catch up quickly with ”对象是“where they have been”，而非人，所以，排除不选。

　　[C]see their life chances as dimmed as the others’

　　C选项解读：和其他人一样把他们的生活机会看的很暗淡。

　　根据原文，同样可以知道，他们不会如同其他人一样，所以排除。

　　[D]recover more quickly than the others

　　D选项解读：比其他人回复的更快速。

　　在原文中的“those with degrees from elite universities catch up fairly quickly to where they otherwise would have been if they had graduated in better times; it is the masses beneath them that are left behind.”说明，第一名牌大学生会去到在较好的时代不能去到的高度，其次他们可以超过其他人，所以，答案为，他们恢复的更快。

　　第40题,

　　1. 题干分析：

　　The author thinks that the influence of hard times on society is____.

　　该题是作者观点题。该题可翻译为：作者认为艰难的时光对于社会的影响是______。

　　作者观点态度题可以从全文来解决，也可以找到相关的定位点来解决，故不做过多分析。

　　2.研读解题：

　　第30题，在文章中不好确定，但全文前四个段落都已出题，唯独最后一个段落没有出题，根据出题区域不重复的原则(相见同上)，所以研读选项后，将重点研读最后一个段落。

　　[A]certain

　　A选项解读：确定的。

　　[B]positive

　　B选项解读：积极地。

　　[C]trivial

　　C选项解读：琐碎的。

　　[D]destructive

　　D选项解读：毁灭的。

　　C选项与D选项，属于负面选项，纵观全文，内容较为可观且积极，所以负面的选项，应该排除，其实这也好理解，就是如果真的是全负面的影响，美国人民可能就失去活下去的勇气了……

　　而，很多同学会被B选项，积极地，所迷惑，原因是文中提及了很多好一点的内容，但是，在文章中的最后一段有原文：We will have to wait and see exactly how these hard times will reshape our social fabric. But they certainly will reshape it, and all the more so the longer they extend.

　　所以，答案为A选项，确定的。即作者认为是有影响的，但是影响的最终结果，仍需等待。

　　Part B

　　41. Petrarch出现在文章第二段第二行“In 1337, Petrarch began work on his rambling writing De Viris Illustribus - On Famous Men, highlighting the virtus (or virtue) of classical heroes.”根据此句的提示，Petrarch强调英雄美德。正确答案为A。

　　42.该题可定位于文章第二段第五行“This was the biographical tradition which Niccolo Machiavelli turned on its head.In The Prince, the championed cunning, ruthlessness, and boldness, rather than virtue, mercy and justice, as the skills of successful leaders.”由此可知Niccolo Machiavelli的态度是反对美德作为成功人士的必要成分。根据此句的提示，正确答案为F。

　　43. 该题可定位于文章第三段第三行“By contrast, the Victorian author Samual Smiles wrote Self-Help as a catalogue of the worthy lives of engineers , industrialists and explores .”Samual Smiles 描写了工程师们、企业家们和探险家们有价值的生活。根据此句的提示，正确答案为G。

　　44. Thomas Carlyle出现在文章第四段第二行“These epochal figures represented lives hard to imitate, but to be acknowledged as possessing higher authority than mere morals.”由此得知Thomas Carlyle的观点在于划时代的人物的生活很难模仿。因此，正确答案为C。

　　45.Marx and Engels主张Communist Manifesto共产党宣言，可定位于第五段第二行，“And history should be the story of the masses and their record of struggle.”历史应该是人民大众的故事，他们斗争的记录。因此，正确答案为E。

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