Ⅰ. The following paragraphs are taken from the textbooks, followed by a list of words or expressions marked A to X. Choose the one that best completes each of the sentences and write the corresponding letter on your answer sheet. One word or expression for each blank only. (12 points, 0.5point each)
● Rumors 1 quickly that I was a FBI agent. I was 2 because I was not 3 to return. Some people said I was either a federal agent or a 4 , for no 5 man, they said, returns to Watts by 6 .
● Television 7 on advertising to an even greater 8 than newspapers, and since advertising is big business, advertising is by 9 Republican. Yet nowhere in network newscasts in network commentaries on current events have I 10 the intense partisanship, the often rabid 11 that colors the editorial 12 of the majority of newspapers in this country.
● The chances had 13 to one in eight when the 14 clerk drew the second slip. He 15 his throat and 16 his pince-nez as though he had to make sure he was not 17 . “Ah, Monsieur Voisin,” he said with a 18 undecided smile, “May I join you?”
● Some people believe that the time of death is 19 by God and that no man should 20 the clock back on another. 21 if a patient’s philosophical views embrace 22 , it is not clear why the religious 23 of others should intrude 24 his death.
A. reasonable B. put C. bias D. choice
E. nature F. yet G. mistaken H. lives
I. thin J. encountered K. euthanasia L. fool
M. spread N. objections O. pages P. extent
Q. elderly R. suspect S. cleared T. narrowed
U. put on V. on W. supposed X. appointed
Ⅱ. There are 15 sentences from the textbooks, with a blank in each, followed by a list of words or expressions marked A to X. Choose the one that best completes each of the sentences and write the corresponding letter on your answer sheet. One word or expression for each blank only. (15 points, 1point each)
25. From the start of that campaign, I faced ________ hostility because of my sex.
26. A beautiful woman came along and ________ her bunch of violets, and a little boy ran after to hand them to her, and she took them and threw them away as if they’d been poisoned.
27. Words mean more than what is set down on paper. It takes the human voice to ________ them with the shades of deeper meaning.
28. If it be true that our thoughts and mental images are perfectly ________ things, like our books and pictures, to the inhabitants of the next world, then I am making for myself a better reputation there than I am in this place.
29. Although I had to search, and did search, for the right words, I seemed to be making this descriptive effort almost against my will, under a kind of ________ from outside.
30. ________ a man does not have to work so hard as to impair his vigor he is likely to find more zest in his free time than an idle man could possibly find.
31. And so we are suddenly ________ a sickening situation in this country.
32. With three job ________ from three of the most prestigious firms in the country, he did not need this interview, this firm.
33. Disease-snobbery is only one out of a great multitude of ________, of which now some, now others take pride of place in general esteem.
34. I once befriended two little girls from Esthonia, who had narrowly escaped death from ________ in a famine.
35. There’s bound to be trouble ________ me every day of my life, because trouble it’s always been and always will be.
36. It has been assumed that the youth of America has been in the ________ of the discovery of both the disease and the cure.
37. Somehow we just don’t see how it is with other folks until —something ________.
38. The figures are photocopied and distributed throughout the company to all the people and departments whose work is ________ selling.
39. Her hands and her neck began to sweat. But she knew that no emotion was ________.
A. come across B. undisguised C. recognized D. in store for
E. cascade F. oppression G. vanguard H. faced with
I. fell J. snobberies K. pioneer L. starvation
M. dropped N. tangible O. compulsion P. provided
Q. even if R. relative S. comes up T. offers
U. related to V. pertinent W. correct X. infuse
Ⅲ. Each of the following sentences is given two choices of words or expressions, Choose the right one to complete the sentence and write the corresponding letter on your answer sheet. (15 points, 1 point each)
40. As the living standard improves, the (A. span, B. length) of life is getting longer and longer.
41. The poor emperor was forced by the usurper to (A. abandon, B. abdicate).
42. I find it difficult to operate this computer. Can you (A. demonstrate, B. exemplify) it for me?
43. The formal declaration of the news went four (A. documents, B. drafts) before it was submitted to the conference.
44. I had a fantastic (A. stretch, B. stroke) of luck last weekend. I picked up a genuine Stradivarius violin for only $20.
45. In the A-series football match, AC-Milan (A. beat, B. defended) all the other teams and became the champion as expected.
46. The accountant (A. specializes, B. scrutinizes) the figures very carefully before commenting on them.
47. On hearing that her best friend bought a fur coat, Susan felt (A. tempted, B. coaxed) to buy one, too.
48. When the rescue party found the wounded young man, he was (A. keeping, B. clinging) on to the side of the broken boat.
49. He (A. resigned, B. relinquished) all control over the company business to his son.
50. The witness refused to (A. disclose, B. enclose) the identity of the man who supplied the information.
51. Usually my brother is rather (A. reserved, B. conservative), but if you pick up a topic he is interested in, he will talk freely about it.
52. The common (A. custom, B. practice) in English law is to consider someone innocent unless he is proved guilty.
53. He was a highly (A. conscientious, B. conscious) teacher who took his duties seriously but he seemed to have neither the personality nor the ability to achieve further success.
54. This group of young men felt a great sense of (A. inspiration, B. achievement) when they finally reached the top of the mountain.
Read the following passage carefully and complete the succeeding four items: Ⅳ, Ⅴ, Ⅵ and Ⅶ.
Our Greedy Colleges
1) Many of our colleges are at it again. As they have done annually for the past six years, they have begun to unveil tuition increases that far outstrip the inflation rate. Next year, tuition is expected to rise 6 percent to 8 percent – even though inflation during 1986 was about 1.8 percent. Yale’s president, Benno C. Schmidt Jr., attributes his university’s tuition hike in part to “continuing cutbacks of governmental support for student aid. ” This assertion flies in the face of the facts. Since 1982, money available through Federal student aid programs has increased every single year. Overall, Federal outlays for student aid are up 57 percent since 1980. Since 1980, inflation has been just 26 percent. That is why the former chairman of the Senate Budget Committee, Pete V. Domenici, Republican of New Mexico, recently dismissed the claim of huge cuts in student aid programs as a “myth.”
2) If anything, increases in financial aid in recent years have enabled colleges and universities blithely to raise their tuitions, confident that Federal loan subsidies would help cushion the increase. In 1978, subsidies became available to a greatly expanded number of students. In 1980, college tuitions began rising year after year at a rate that exceeded inflation. Federal student aid policies do not cause college price inflation, but there is little doubt that they help make it possible.
3) At the same time that higher education has been cutting a bigger piece of the Federal pie, it has also received huge infusions of cash from state governments, from corporations, from foundations and from loyal alumni. The total increase in higher education spending from all these non-Federal sources is staggering. Spending for higher education now consumes about 40 percent of all money spent in America for education.
4) It is by no means clear that the performance of many of our colleges and universities justifies this level of expenditure. As I said on the occasion of Harvard’s 350th anniversary, too many students fail to receive the education they deserve at our nation’s universities. The real problem is not lack of money but failure of vision.
5) Unfortunately, when it comes to higher education, this distinction is frequently lost Stanford University’s vague justification for increased charges – “new knowledge is inherently more expensive” – only underscores the lack of focus and purpose at some of our nation’s most prestigious universities.
6) Higher education is not underfunded. It is under-accountable and underproductive. Our students deserve better than this. They deserve an education commensurate with the large sums paid by parents and taxpayers and donors.
7) That our universities are places where students can receive a good education, or at least learn a lot, I have no doubt. But too often our universities leave education to chance – a good professor here and a great course there. There is too little real and sustained attention to education in the broader sense, to making sure that when our students leave after four years they leave as educated men and women.
8) It is also false to assert, as some have, that the Reagan Administration’s student aid policies deprive disadvantaged students of the opportunity to attend college. In fact, the Administration has consistently sought to redirect aid to the neediest students.
9) Under the Administration’s fiscal 1988 budget proposal, all students presently receiving aid would continue to be eligible for the same dollar amount of aid. One in six of all college students would still be eligible to receive Federal grants. Those less needy would still have access to aid in the form of loans.
10) One particular Administration proposal, Income Contingent Loans, represents the most serious attempt to improve student aid in 15 years. The loans would permit repayment schedules to be tailored to a student’s income. A graduate’s payments would never have to exceed 15 percent of his adjusted gross income, and he could have as long as necessary to repay.
11) An advantage of the Administration’s proposals is that they would help make colleges and universities accountable to the prime beneficiaries of their services – the students.
12) Because students would pay a market-based interest rate, they would bear the true cost of borrowing the additional capital needed to finance tuition increases. Instead of insulating colleges and universities form such market forces, the Administration’s policies would make colleges and universities more readily accountable to them.
13) Higher education clearly provides benefits to society in general. Recognizing this, the American people have generously provided the tax dollars, grants and highly subsidized loans necessary to support higher education. But the chief beneficiaries of a college education are the students. On average, college graduates earn $640,000 more over their lifetimes than nongraduates do. It is simply not fair to ask taxpayers, many of whom do not go to college, to pay more than their fair share of the tuition burden.
Ⅳ. There are 10 incomplete statements, followed by four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best answer and write the corresponding letter on your answer sheet. (10 points, 1 point each)
55. The author intends to _________.
A. compare the inflation rate and tuition increases
B. criticize the federal government in cutting the financial aid in education
C. defend the federal government and accuse colleges of unnecessary and excessive tuition increases
D. criticize the low quality of higher education in the United States
56. The author thinks that the colleges and universities can raise the tuition because they believe that _________.
A. there are Federal loan subsidies
B. every student can get Federal loan subsidies easily
C. governmental support for student aid becomes less
D. higher quality education needs more money
57. According to Paragraph 3, which of the following statements is true?
A. Higher education gets all its financial support from the federal government.
B. Higher education gets all its financial support from nonfederal sources.
C. Higher education gets its financial support from various sources.
D. Higher education gets most of its financial support from student tuition.
58. Which of the following statements is NOT true?
A. Colleges and universities in America can’t provide justifiable education.
B. Colleges and universities can get enough financial support.
C. Students should learn a lot more at colleges and universities.
D. Students don’t learn what they deserve at colleges and universities.
59. According to the author, the government has consistently ________.
A. helped the disadvantaged students
B. tried to re-distribute the financial aid to the students who need it most
C. offered financial aid to most students who need it
D. spent enough money for the students who need it most
60. From this article, we know that a graduate _________.
A. is allowed enough time to repay the borrowed money
B. has to take more than 15 percent of his gross income to repay the loan
C. doesn’t have to pay an interest
D. can put off the repayment as long as he/she likes
61. In Paragraph 11, which of the following is the best to substitute for “accountable to”?
A. devoted to
B. responsible for
C. suitable for
D. desirable
62. American people support higher education because _________.
A. they can reduce the burden of colleges and universities
B. they want to improve it
C. the students can get benefits from it
D. they can get benefits from it
63. What is implied by the author?
A. It is not fair to ask those who do not go to college to pay more than they should for higher education.
B. College graduates earn more than nongraduates do.
C. A person’s income is closely related to his or her education.
D. Some nongraduates do not mind paying for higher education.
64. The tone of this article is ________.
A. informative
B. ironic
C. persuasive
D. narrative
Ⅴ. There is one underlined part in each of the following sentences, followed by four choices A, B, C and D. Choose the one that is the closest in meaning to the underlined part. (10 points, 2 points each)
65. …they have begun to unveil tuition increases that far outstrip the inflation rate.
A. that surpass
B. that are much more than
C. that can compete with
D. that are beyond
66. This assertion flies in the face of the facts.
A. agrees with the facts
B. fails to face the facts
C. finds its base in the facts
D. is contrary to the facts
67. They deserve an education commensurate with the large sums paid by parents and taxpayers and donors.
A. an education which concentrates on
B. an appropriate education designed according to
C. an education in right proportion to
D. a frist class education because of
68. … that the Reagan Administration’s student aid policies deprive disadvantaged students of the opportunity to attend college.
A. make it impossible for disadvantaged students to get college education
B. deny that disadvantaged students should have a chance to go to college
C. offer unequal opportunities for disadvantaged students to gain college education
D. offer more opportunities for the advantaged students to attend college
69. The loans would permit repayment schedules to be tailored to a student’s income.
A. to be made in consideration of a student’s income
B. to be changed by a student’s income
C. to be adaptable to a student’s income
D. to match a student’s income
Ⅵ. Translate the following sentences into Chinese and write your translation on your answer sheet. (10 points, 2 points each)
70.Federal student aid policies do not cause college price inflation, but there is little doubt that they help make it possible.
71. Spending for higher education now consumes about 40 percent of all money spent in America for education.
72. Stanford University’s vaguer justification for increased charges – “new knowledge is inherently more expensive”- only underscores the lack of focus and purpose at some of our nation’s most prestigious universities.
73. But too often our universities leave education to chance – a good professor here and a great course there.
74. Under the Administration’s fiscal 1988 budget proposal, all students presently receiving aid would continue to be eligible for the same dollar amount of aid.
Ⅶ. Answer the following essay question in English within 80-100 words. Write your answer on your answer sheet. (10 points)
Do you agree with the author that the American colleges are greedy and unaccountable? Why or Why not?
Ⅷ. Translate the following into English and write your translation on your answer sheet. (18 points, 2 points each from 75 to 79, 8 points for 80)
75．前事不忘，后事之师。
76．美国人比看电视花时间更多的事只有工作和睡眠。
77．知道自己愚蠢的人是聪明的，而知道自己撒谎的人是诚实的。
78．依我看，科学就是应用诚实，是我们所掌握的用来发现真理的唯一可靠手段。
79．无论你得到多少，你总想得到更多，完全的满足是一个永远无法实现的梦想。
80．我现在经常对工作非常厌烦。每项常规的工作我总是交给其他人处理。而这使我更加感到厌烦。要判断究竟是干令人生厌的工作烦人，还是将令人生厌的工作交给他人处理，然后无所事事更烦人，这真是个问题。
