2010年12月英语六级深度阅读解析及解题步骤

　　六级阅读由10%的快读阅读，5%的简答题和20%的深度阅读构成，而深度阅读是考试重心之一，包括两篇文章，做题时间为20分钟左右，最多不能超过25分钟，否则会影响其它题型解答的时间。

　　考生在面对六级阅读词汇量大、句子结构复杂、题材多样化这样的难题时，如何能准确解答关键在于两点：一是如何在阅读过程中准确在文中标记出需要查找的内容的具体位置;二是如何在阅读完题干之后能迅速在文中根据记忆或者阅读时的标注找出相关内容。如果第一方面做的很好能大大减少第二步所花的时间。

　　深度阅读以议论性的文章为主，文章脉络清晰、整体框架明确。而且，议论性的文章并不一定要100%全部读懂，没有必要把每一句话的意思都弄清楚，把每一个细节都掌握。4-5个问题不可能覆盖文章中每一个细节、每一句话。解题过程中，只要找到答案，因此六级阅读的解题过程中，通常采用的解题方法是——

　　(1)浏览题目，推测全文主题

　　阅读理解的五道题目之间通常都会有隐含的逻辑联系，所以通过第一遍的初步浏览，有助于把握文章所谈论的主题，作出简单设想和推测。如

　　1. The phrase “emanate from” in Paragraph 1 most probably means “________”.

　　2. Which of the following is mentioned as one of the causes of bad breath?

　　3. According to the passage, alcohol has something to do with bad breath mainly because________.

　　4. Mouthwashes are not an effective cure for bad breath mainly because________.

　　5. We can infer from this passage that________.

　　第1、5题分别为猜词题和推论题，没有提供任何信息。不过第2、3、4题都提到了bad breath (难闻的口气，口臭)，因此文章谈论的主题就非常清晰，对于后面的理解和解题会有帮助。

　　(2)判断题型，确定题干关键词

　　六级的深度阅读主要考查主旨题、细节题、猜词题、推论题和态度题等五种题型，重点考查细节题。细节题的关键词主要有三类(1)显性关键词：大写、数字、连字符单词、序数词等;(2)实意动词;(3)核心名词和生词。这一步对于接下来的浏览文章圈定关键词至关重要。

　　(3)跳读文章，寻找关键词

　　浏览文章切忌试图弄懂文中的每一个单词。如果逐句翻译会影响做题的速度，而且会忽略各题区域的寻找。跳读的目的是要整体把握一下文章脉络，找到每道题目中的关键词，从而可以确定每道题目答案的所在位置。答案在文中一般情况都是依次而下顺序出现。

　　(4)理解区域，排除干扰项

　　根据第三步寻找的区域，进行深度的翻译和理解，比较选项与文章的信息，注意选项的同义改写、主动被动转换，同时要当心偷换概念、以偏概全等陷阱，依据选项一般不过于绝对(如出现never, only, all)等原理，排除干扰项，最终确定答案。

　　Passage One

　　For hundreds of millions of years, turtles (海龟) have struggled out of the sea to lay their eggs on sandy beaches, long before there were nature documentaries to celebrate them, or GPS satellites and marine biologists to track them, or volunteers to hand-carry the hatchlings (幼龟) down to the water’s edge lest they become disoriented by headlights and crawl towards a motel parking lot instead. A formidable wall of bureaucracy has been erected to protect their prime nesting on the Atlantic coastlines. With all that attention paid to them, you’d think these creatures would at least have the gratitude not to go extinct.

　　But Nature is indifferent to human notions of fairness, and a report by the Fish and Wildlife Service showed a worrisome drop in the populations of several species of North Atlantic turtles, notably loggerheads, which can grow to as much as 400 pounds. The South Florida nesting population, the largest, has declined by 50% in the last decade, according to Elizabeth Griffin, a marine biologist with the environmental group Oceana. The figures prompted Oceana to petition the government to upgrade the level of protection for the North Atlantic loggerheads from “threatened” to “endangered”—meaning they are in danger of disappearing without additional help.

　　Which raises the obvious question: what else do these turtles want from us, anyway? It turns out, according to Griffin, that while we have done a good job of protecting the turtles for the weeks they spend on land (as egg-laying females, as eggs and as hatchlings), we have neglected the years spend in the ocean. “The threat is from commercial fishing,” says Griffin. Trawlers (which drag large nets through the water and along the ocean floor) and longline fishers (which can deploy thousands of hooks on lines that can stretch for miles) take a heavy toll on turtles.