2013年大学英语四级语法指导(3)

　　动名词的复合结构：凡是一个动词的后面可以加动名词，就可以加动名词的复合结构。

　　动作发出者 + 动名词;当动作发出者名字给出时：名词所有格 + 动名词;当动名词的复合结构在文章中出现，且动作发出者在前文中提过时：形容词物主代词(宾格)+ 动名词。

　　形容词物主代词：his， her， my， your， their， our。代词宾格：him， her， me， you， us， them。

　　第二点：want 想要; want to do sth. 想做某事; want doing 客观需要或缺乏。

　　例. Your hair wants _B_. You’d better have it done tomorrow.

　　A cut B cutting C to cut D being cut

　　注意：want doing 中doing表示的是被动含义。

　　例. This room is so dirty that it wants _A_.

　　A cleaning B to clean C being cleaned D cleaned

　　第三点：mean 意味; mean to do sth. 打算做某事，意欲… ;mean doing 意味着，…的意思是…

　　例. There’s a man at the reception desk who seems very angry and I think he means _B_ trouble. [reception desk 接待台]

　　A making B to make C to have made D having made

　　1. The children went there to watch the iron tower _D_.

　　A to erect B be erected C erecting D being erected

　　watch 看电视用，看比赛用; see 看电影用;

　　感官动词watch， see， hear; 感官动词 + 名词(代词)+ do

　　be erected 强调的是动作的结果; being erected 强调的是动作的过程。

　　2. The engine _D_ smoke and steam.

　　A gives up B gives in C gives away D gives off

　　give up 放弃; give in 屈服，让步; give off 释放，放出(烟和气体);

　　give away 泄露，走漏风声;婚礼中新郎的父亲把新娘的手交给新郎的过程;赠送礼品。

　　3. The manager promised to keep me _C_ of how our business was going on.

　　A to be informed B on informing C informed D informing

　　keep sb. + 分词; inform v. 通知，告知; inform sb. of sth. 通知某人某件事情

　　keep me informed 使我被告知。

　　4. The goals _B_ he had fought all his life no longer seemed important to him.

　　A after which B for which C with which D at which

　　fight with sb. (注意要看整个句子); fight with + 工具 用该工具来打仗。 fight for 为…而战。

　　I fight with him. 我和他打起来了。 I fight with him against her. 我和他并肩对付她。

　　5. They _C_ in spite of the extremely difficult conditions.

　　A carried out B carried off C carried on D carried forward

　　in spite of 尽管; carry on 坚持，继续。

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