2011年12月英语四级冲刺预测试题及答案(3)

　　Section B

　　26. B 27. D 28. B 29. D 30. C 31. A 32. C 33. B 34. A 35. D

　　Passage One

　　We know little about how primitive people came to use the money,but we do know some of the articles which have been used as money. During the days of ancient Rome, salt was hard to obtain. Salt for the preparation of food was considered so precious that soldiers were paid with it. This salt money was known as salarium, and from it we get our word salary.

　　In some regions of Asia, tin was used for money; and the American Indian used a variety of shell beads which he called wampum. In some places special kinds of sea-shells, bird feathers, or nuts were used. Perhaps the most common money of all was an animal of some kind. In some places today, cows are still used as a kind of money. So you see, things highly valued by everybody may serve as money.

　　The Chinese were the first people to use coins as money. Today most coins are round; but the coins of ancient peoples were of many shapes. Some were round, some were square or rectangular, and others were even egg-shaped or had square holes in their centers.

　　Questions 26 to 28 are based on the passage you have just heard.

　　26.What did ancient Rome use as money?

　　27.Who first used coins as money?

　　28.What is the main idea of the passage?

　　Passage Two

　　I had just gone to bed after a very hard day when the phone rang. It was an eccentric farmer. I had never met him before although I had often heard people talk about him. He seemed quite hysterical and he had been talking for a minute or so before I understood anything. Even then all I could make out was that someone called Milly had had a very bad accident. I hadn’t the slightest idea who she was but I obviously had to go.

　　It had been snowing heavily that day and I didn’t know the way. I had been driving for at least an hour when I finally found his place. He was standing there, waiting for me. It seemed Milly had already died.“She meant more to me than anyone…even my own wife!” he said. I could see that he had been crying. I assumed a terrible tragedy had taken place with the overtones of a possible scandal. I must admit I was even more shocked when he told me he had put her in the barn.“I wouldn’t leave her out in the cold!”he said.

　　Milly had clearly been a secret sweetheart of his. I was about to tell him he could not expect me to cover anything up when he opened the barn door and pointed his torch at a motionless shaps on the straw.“She was such a good cow! I wouldn’t let anyone but a doctor touch her!”he said, and burst into tears again.

　　Questions 29 to 31 are based on the passage you have just heard.

　　29. Why did the speaker say that she obviously had to go?

　　30. What was the weather like that day?

　　31. Who did the speaker think Milly was when she saw the farmer?

　　Passage Three

　　What does the word “library”mean to you?Do you think a library is a large, silent room containing hundreds of books? It may surprise you to learn that there are other kinds of libraries. Most libraries do lend books, but some also lend art, music, and even toys!

　　In some libraries, you can borrow an excellent reproduction of a famous painting for your home for several weeks. Then, you can return it and bring another one home.

　　This is also true for records. You may choose your favorite record and take it home. There you may listen to it as often as you like. Later you may return it and try something else.

　　Toy-lending is a new idea in libraries. In a toy library children’s toys and games are classified by age groups just as books usually are. Children may play with anything in the library, and instead of demanding silence, toy libraries encourage children to make noise! Toy libraries not only provide toys and games for children, but also give them a place to come and meet and play with other children.

　　Questions 32 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.

　　32. What are some of the things that you can borrow from an art library?

　　33. What is toy-lending?

　　34. In what kind of library can children make as much noise as they want?

　　35. Apart from toys and games, what else do toy libraries provide for children?

　　Section C

　　The automobile has many advantages. Above all, it (36) offers people freedom to go where they want when they want to. To most people, cars are also personal (37) fantasy machines that serve as (38) symbols of power, success, speed, excitement, and (39) adventure. In (40) addition, much of the world’s economy is built on producing vehicles and supplying roads, services, and repairs of vehicles. Half of the world’s paychecks are (41) auto-related.

　　In spite of their advantages, motor vehicles have many harmful effects on human lives and on air, water, land and wildlife resources. Though we (42) tend to deny it, (43) riding in cars is one of the most dangerous things we do in our daily lives.

　　Every year, (44) cars and trucks worldwide kill an average of 250,000 people, and they injure or permanently disable ten million more. (45) Half of the world’s people will be involved in an auto accident at sometime in their lives.

　　Motor vehicles are the largest sources of air pollution, producing a haze of smog over the world’s cities. (46)In some countries, they produce at least 50% of the countries-air pollution. 　Part ⅣReading Comprehension (Reading in Depth)

　　Section A

　　47. L 该空内容要求与后面的man-made对应，并且二者由both…and连接。

　　48. G 根据语法结构要求，该空要求填入一个副词，根据上下文意思应该选择once。

　　49. I 该空应填入动词，根据上下文应选择fed，意思为“供养了(一个从事经商的民族)”。

　　50. O 根据上下文应该选择“trees”。There were trees in plenty.(那儿生长着大量的树木。)

　　51. H 根据上下文，应该填入surrounded。

　　52. A “send moisture into the air”意思是“将水分送往空中”。

　　53. F “…the roots trap minerals”意思是“树根可以留住矿物质”。

　　54. J exploit在此意思为“开发”。

　　55. B 选择cycle构成water cycle(水的循环)。

　　56. D the rhythm of life意思为“生活的节奏”。 　Section B

　　Passage One

　　57. C 主旨题本文共三段。第一段讲日历起源之因;第二段讲作为现代时间概念的基础，古巴比伦如何划分年月日时分秒;第三段提及先后出现的测量时间的各种工具，并讲述“世界时”如何顺应时代发展而产生。A)，B)和D)项都只概括了本文的部分内容，只有C)项是对全文的总结。

　　58. B 综合判断题C)项在文章中没有提及,D)项不正确。本文的主题是计时方式的发展，并未强调某个民族智慧过人，A)项也不正确。

　　59. C 细节题根据题干可定位于第三段前半部分，答案是C。

　　60. B 细节题解题依据是“The time at Greenwich measured by the sun is…”。不过考生不一定留意了这个后置定语。相反，受“Twelve zones are west of Greenwich. Twelve are east.”的影响，可能会误选C)项。其实，这里是24个时区的“the starting point”,也就是第一个时区。

　　61. A 综合判断题C)项提到的日历出现就是其中一个例证，第三段还提到sundial, hourglass, mechanical clocks and watches和Greenwich Mean Time的出现，这都是随着人类社会发展的需要出现的。C)项错在将日历出现归因于一小部分人的高智商，真正的原因其实是“When people started farming…”。此外，Universal Time并非全宇宙通用，它只适用于全球24个时区，故D)项也不正确。

　　Passage Two

　　62. B 细节题从文中第三段可知：“Then, in 1953, two scientists…did a very simple experiment to find out what had happened on the Primitive Earth.”这说明从1953年起，人类才开始弄明白地球上的生物是怎样由原子和分子结合而产生的。因此B)是正确选项。

　　63. A 细节题答案从第二段开头可直接找到：“…， scientists figured out that living things, including human bodies, are basically made of amino acids and nucleotide bases.”

　　64. A 细节题答案第三段中直接给出：“…， Harold. Urey and Stanley L. Miller did a very simple experiment to find out what had happened on the Primitive Earth.” 紧接着作者又指出是在“…4 billion years ago…”。

　　65. D 语义辨析题见原文最后一句话：“When Miller and Urey analyzed the liquid, they found that it contained…”。“当米勒和尤里对液体进行分析时，他们发现它包含有……”。很明显it指的就是从句里的liquid。

　　66. C 综合判断题文中第一段第二句话暗示了该题答案：“Plants, fish, dinosaurs, and people are made of atoms and molecules…”。

　　Part ⅤCloze

　　67. B 此处需要填一个谓语，从下一句可以看出，本句应该是过去时态，所以B)项正确。

　　68. C 此处需填一个表示过去的副词，C)ago指从现在算起若干时间以前，和动词一般过去时一同使用。符合原文表达要求，为正确答案。

　　69. A 耳聋和年老有因果关系。B)because后只能跟从句，做原因状语，不符合原文结构要求。because of后则跟名词或名词性短语，符合结构要求。C)at和D)in均不能和old age连用。

　　70. A 此处需填一个词引导后面的从句，表示突然出现的情况，四个选项中只有when可以，故选[A]。

　　71. D A)fell “落下，降落”，指物体从上到下的垂直运动，用于此处，搭配不当。blew “(风)吹、刮”，用于此处，也属搭配不当。C)formed “形成”，指事物经历一个发展过程之后，最终形成，这与原文所表达的意义不相符。故此，approached更合适，所以D)项为正确答案。

　　72. C 在树下躲雨，故用“under a tree”。

　　73. B C)fallen “摔倒”，A)thrown “扔”，强调动作施者所做的“扔”的动作。D)beaten “打，敲”，强调“打”的具体动作，一般用于具体意义。B)knocked “敲、击、打”，既可用于具体的，又可用于抽象的“打击，击倒”，用于此处，符合原文表达需要，故B)项为正确答案。

　　74. B A)just “刚好”，表达过于精确，不符合上下文。C)for后跟一段时间，表达动作的持续过程，如果用于此处，则later不能有，因此也不能用。D)within “在……内”，表达过于精确。B)some “大约”，同about。符合原文表达，因此B)项为正确答案。

　　75. D 主句的伴随状语，表示一种伴随的动作或状态，一般用分词或分词短语。A)to lie是动词不定式，不能做伴随状语。C)lay是动词lie的一般过去式，不能做伴随状语。B)having lain是现在分词的完成体，不能做伴随状语。D)lying是动词lie的现在分词形式，符合原文要求。故D)项为正确答案。

　　76. A 此处应为两个并列分句描述两个动作。因此B)when，D)while被排除。两个动作之间并无转折关系，所以C)but也被排除。A)and为正确答案。

　　77. C 由于他以前双目失明，而现在突见光明，所以此处应填一个转折连词。A)Thus “这样”;B)Therefore “因此”;D)Above all “首先”。均不是转折连词。C)But “但是，然而”，转折连词，为正确答案。

　　78. A D)out of “在……外部”。钟表不可能挂在屋子外，故首先排除。C)into “到……里”，着重表示动作的方向，用于此处不恰当。B)through “穿过”，着重指物体从某一空间中间穿过。A)across “在对面”。符合原文表达要求，为正确答案。

　　79. B C)Whenever “无论何时”，用于此处，与原表达意义不符。A)While,B)When,D)As都有“当……的时候”的意思。as着重表示从句动作与主句动作同时发生，持续时间不长。据此分析，as用于此处不当。when可以表示主句动作发生在从句之后，符合原文表达需要。因此B)项为正确答案。

　　80. D 联系上文，此处应为“恢复，再得到”。A)gained “得到”;B)gotten “获得”。C)reminded “使回忆起……，提醒……”。D)regained “重新得到”，符合句意，为正确答案。

　　81. C A)at “在(某一时间、地点)”;B)in “在(地点、时间)里面”;D)on “在……上面，在(某一天)”，均无此意。C)from “从……(中得到，获益)”。符合句意。

　　82. B 这里指的是解释原因，因此只有B)reason “原因”符合句意。A)result “结果”;C)consequence “后果”;D)content “内容”。均无此意。

　　83. A B)contributed “贡献，捐献”。C)sought(seek的过去式)“寻找”，同look for,强调找的过程，不能表示结果。联系下文用于此处不当。D)thought “思考，想”，用于此处，意思表达欠妥。A)offered “提供，提出”，用于此处意思准确，结构正确，是正确答案。

　　84. D A)because of “因为、由于”;B)owing to “由于”。强调“原因和结果的关系”，把“猛烈的打击”说成“失明的原因”，似乎过于牵强。C)based on “以……为基础”，与原文表达不符。D)as a result of “由于……的结果”，强调“某事(行动等)引起的结果。

　　85. B A)restore,C)have restored主动结构，不能用于此处。D)have been restored被动语态完成体表示动作已完成。既已完成，就不存在“可能(perhaps)”，因此D)项用于此处不当。B)be restored被动结构，一般式，符合原表达要求，是正确答案。

　　86. C D)one “一次”，用于此处意思不当。A)other “别的，其他的”，其后常跟复数形式。用于此处，搭配不正确。B)the other表示二者中的另一个。用于此处，意思表达有误。C)another表示不定数目中的另一个。用于此处，意思准确，为正确答案。

　　Part ⅥTranslation

　　87. increased by 27%

　　88. would have left for London

　　89. separating the fact from the fiction

　　90. as much time

　　91. Owing to fierce competition

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