一、 完形解题技巧应用

　　People have speculated for centuries about a future without work. Today is no different, with academics, writers, and activists once again 1 that technology is replacing human workers. Some imagine that the coming work-free world will be defined by 2 : A few wealthy people will own all the capital, and the masses will struggle in an impoverished wasteland.

　　A different and not mutually exclusive 3 holds that the future will be a wasteland of a different sort, one 4 by purposelessness: Without jobs to give their lives 5 , people will simply become lazy and depressed. 6 , today’s unemployed don’t seem to be having a great time. One Gallup poll found that 20 percent of Americans who have been unemployed for at least a year report having depression, double the rate for 7 Americans. Also, some research suggests that the 8 for rising rates of mortality, mental-health problems, and addiction 9 poorly-educated, middle-aged people is a shortage of well-paid jobs. Perhaps this is why many 10 the agonizing dullness of a jobless future.

　　But it doesn’t 11 follow from findings like these that a world without work would be filled with unease. Such visions are based on the 12 of being unemployed in a society built on the concept of employment. In the 13 of work, a society designed with other ends in mind could 14 strikingly different circumstances for the future of labor and leisure. Today, the 15 of work may be a bit overblown. “Many jobs are boring, degrading, unhealthy, and a waste of human potential,” says John Danaher, a lecturer at the National University of Ireland in Galway.

　　These days, because leisure time is relatively 16 for most workers, people use their free time to counterbalance the intellectual and emotional 17 of their jobs. “When I come home from a hard day’s work, I often feel 18 ,” Danaher says, adding, “In a world in which I don’t have to work, I might feel rather different”—perhaps different enough to throw himself 19 a hobby or a passion project with the intensity usually reserved for 20 matters.

　　1. [A] boasting [B] warning [C] denying [D] ensuring

　　【看选项】不是逻辑关系词

　　【找题干中逻辑关系词】again——递进关系-语义一致——判断逻辑关系题(已知逻辑关系判断语义)

　　【解题】B

　　2. [A] uncertainty [B] unreliability [C] instability [D] inequality

　　【看选项】不是逻辑关系词

　　【找题干中逻辑关系词】——没有明显的逻辑关系词，但是有冒号，表示解释说明，前后语义一致，重点看冒号后面的内容——逻辑关系题

　　A few wealthy people will own all the capital, and the masses will struggle in an impoverished wasteland

　　一些富人将要拥有全部资本，而普通大众将在贫穷的荒原上挣扎。

　　这句话体现出的就是世界会呈现出“不平等”的特点

　　【解题】A

　　3. [A] policy [B] guideline [C] prediction [D] resolution

　　【看选项】不是逻辑关系词

　　【找题干中逻辑关系词】没有明显的逻辑关系词

　　【上下文语境】句间或者段间关系——语境题

　　空格前一句描述了人们的“imagine”, 二段首句承上启下，表述了另一个中不同猜想，因此选择C.

　　Some imagine that the coming work-free world will be defined by 2 : A few wealthy people will own all the capital, and the masses will struggle in an impoverished wasteland.

　　4. [A] measured [B] divided [C] balanced [D] characterized

　　【固定搭配题】be characterized by，以……为特色

　　5. [A] meaning [B] wisdom [C] glory [D] freedom

　　【看选项】不是逻辑关系词

　　【找题干中逻辑关系词】没有明显的逻辑关系词，但是有冒号表示解释说明，前面的purposeless表示“无目的的”，without XX才是无目的的呢，选项带入进行比较，最后选择A选项

　　6. [A] Indeed [B] Instead [C] Thus [D] Nevertheless

　　【看选项】是逻辑关系词——逻辑关系题(根据语义判断逻辑关系)

　　空格前一句，表示“没有工作赋予人生意义，人们就会变得懒惰和抑郁”，空格所在句子说的是“美国失业者的生活并不好，强调了工作的重要性”因此属于语义一致中的递进关系，选择A，C选项因果关系没有体现，B, D都属于语义相反的逻辑关系，和题干体现的语义关系不符合。

　　二、 词汇及词组

　　1. speculate 猜测，推测;投机

　　2. the masses 普通百姓

　　同义替换：citizen

　　3. academic 学者

　　4. impoverished 贫穷的

　　5. be defined by 被……定义

　　6. wasteland 荒原

　　7. exclusive a. 专有的;排外的

　　三、 长难句分析

　　1. Today is no different, with academics, writers, and activists once again warning that technology is replacing human workers.

　　主干：主+系+表(today is no different)

　　With伴随状语结构

　　With + N + V-ing短语(整体结构前置翻译，结构内部直译)

　　翻译：许多学术界人士、作家和激进分子再次警告说技术会代替工人，今天也仍然如此。

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