Passage Five

　　It looked just like another aircraft from the outside The pilot told his young passengers that it was built in 1964.But appearances were deceptive and the 13 students from Europe and the USA who boarded the aircraft were in for the flight of their lives.

　　Inside the area that normally had seats had become a long white tunnel. Heavily padded(填塞) from floor to ceiling it looked a bit strange. There were almost no windows, but lights along the padded walls illuminated it. Most of the seats had been taken out apart from a few at the back where the young scientists quickly took their places with a look of fear.

　　For 12 months, science students from across the continents had competed to win a place on the flight at the invitation of the European Space Agency. the challenge had been to suggest imaginative experiments to be conducted in weightless conditions.

　　For the next two hours the flight resembled that of an enormous bird which had lose its reason, shooting upwards towards the heavens before rushing towards Earth. The invention was to Achieve weightlessness for a few seconds.

　　The aircraft took off smoothly enough. But any feelings that I and the young scientists had that we were on anything like a scheduled passenger service were quickly dismissed when the pilot put the plane into a 45 degree climb which lasted around 20 seconds. Then the engines cut out and we became weightless. Everything become confused and left or right. Up or down no longer had any meaning. after ten seconds of free fall descent the pilot pulled the aircraft out of its nosedive. The return of gravity was less immediate than its loss. but was still sudden enough to ensure that some students came down with a bump.

　　Each time the pilot cut the engines and we became weightless. A new team conduct it experience. First it was the Dutch who wanted to discover how it is that cats always land on their feet. then the German team who conducted a successful experiment on a traditional building method to see if could be used for building a further space station. the Americans had an idea to create solar sails that could be used by satellites.

　　After two hours of going up and down in the lane doing their experiments, the predominate feeling was one of excitement rather than sickness. Most of the students thought it was an unforgettable experience and one they would be keen to repeat.

　　55、what did the writer say about the plane?. A It had no seats. B It was painted white. C It had no windows. D The outside was misleading.

　　56.according to the writer, how did the young scientists feel before the flight? A sick B keen C nervous D impatient

　　57.According to the passage, what can be concluded about European Space Agency?

　　A. It produces air-planes

　　B. It sends invitations

　　C. It trains students from across the continents

　　D. It conducts imaginative experiments

　　58.what did the pilot do with the plane after it took off?

　　A He quickly climbed and then stopped the engines.

　　B He climbed and them made the plane fall slowly.

　　C He took off normally and then cut the engines for 20 seconds.

　　D He climbed and then made the plane turn over.

　　59.Acoording to the passage, the purpose of being weightless was to

　　A see what conditions bare like in space

　　B prepare the young scientists for future work in space

　　C show the judges of the competition what they could do

　　D make the teams try out their ideas

　　60.this passage was written to

　　A encourage young people to take up science

　　B describe the process of a scientific competition

　　C show scientists what young people can do

　　D report on a new scientific technique

　　Part Ⅳ Cloze (15 minutes, 15 points, 1 for each)

　　Directions: In this part, there is a passage with 15 blanks. For each blank there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best answer for each blank and mark the corresponding letter on your ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.

　　Most people who travel long distances complain of jetlag (喷气飞行时差反应). Jetlag makes business travelers less productive and more prone __61__ making mistakes. It is actually caused by disruption of your “body clock”一 a small cluster of brain cells that controls the timing of biological __62__. The body clock is de-signed for a __63__ rhythm of daylight and darkness, so that it is thrown out of balance when it experiences daylight and darkness at the “wrong” times in a new time zone. The __64__of jetlag often persist for days __65__ the internal body clock slowly adjusts to the new time zone.

　　Now a new anti-jetlag system is __66__ that is based on proven extensive pioneering scientific research.

　　Dr. Martin Moore-Ede has devised a practical strategy to adjust the body clock much sooner to the new time zone __67__ controlled exposure to bright light. The time zone shift is easy to accomplish and eliminates __68__ of the discomfort of jetlag.

　　A successful time zone shift depends on knowing the exact times to either __69__ or avoid bright light. Exposure to light at the wrong time can actually make jetlag worse. The proper schedule __70__ light exposure depends a great deal on__71__ travel plans.

　　Data on a specific flight itinerary (旅行路线) and the individual’s sleep__72__are used to produce a Trip Guide with__73__on exactly when to be exposed to bright light.

　　When the Trip Guide calls __74__ bright light you should spend time outdoors if possible. If it is dark outside, or the weather is bad, __75__ you are on an aero plane, you can use a special light device to provide the necessary light stimulus for a range of activities such as reading, watching TV or working.

　　61. A. for B. from C. to D. of

　　62. A. actions B. functions C. reflection D. behavior

　　63. A. regular B. formal C. continual D. circular

　　64. A. diseases B. symptoms C. signs D. defects

　　65. A. while B. whereas C. if D. although

　　66. A. adaptable B. approachable C. available D. agreeable

　　67. A. at B. through C. in D. as

　　68. A. most B. least C. little D. more

　　69. A. attain B. shed C. retrieve D. seek

　　70. A. on B. with C. for D. in

　　71. A. unique B. specific C. complicated D. peculiar

　　72. A. norm B. mode C. pattern D. style

　　73. A. directories B. instructions C. specifications D. commentaries

　　74. A. off B. on C. for D. up

　　75. A. or B. and C. but D. while

　　试卷二 Paper Two

　　(60 minutes)

　　Part Ⅰ Translation (30 minutes, 20 points, 10 for each section)

　　Section A

　　Direction: Translate the following underlined sentences into Chinese. Write your translation on the ANSWER SHEET.

　　People have wondered for a long time how their personalities, and behaviors are formed. It is not easy to explain why one person is intelligent and another is not, or why one is cooperative and another is competitive.

　　Social scientists are, of course, extremely interested in these types of questions. (1)They want to explain why we possess certain characteristics and exhibit certain behaviors. There are no clear answers yet，but two distinct schools of thought on the matter have developed. As one might expect, the two approaches are very different from each other. The controversy is often conveniently referred to as” nature vs. nurture”.

　　(2)Those who support the “nature” side of the conflict believe that our personalities and behavior patterns are largely determined by biological factors. (3)That our environment has little，if anything, to do with our abilities, characteristics and behavior is central to this theory. Taken to an extreme, this theory maintains that our behavior is predetermined to such a great degree that we are almost completely governed by our instincts.

　　Those who support the “nurture” theory, that is, they advocate education, are often called behaviorists. They claim that our environment is more important than our biologically based instincts in determining how we will act. A behaviorist, B.F. Skinner, sees humans as beings whose behavior is almost completely shaped by their surroundings. The behaviorists maintain that, like machines，humans respond to environmental stimuli as the basis of their behavior.

　　Let us examine the different explanations about one human characteristic, intelligence, offered by the two theories. Supporters of the “nature” theory insist that we are born with a certain capacity for learning that is biologically determined. (4) Needless to say，they don’t believe that factors in the environment have much influence on what is basically a predetermined characteristic. On the other hand，behaviorists argue that our intelligence levels are the product of our experiences. Behaviorists suggest that the child who is raised in an environment where there are many stimuli which develop his or her capacity for appropriate responses will experience greater intellectual development.

　　The social and political implications of these two theories are profound. In the United States, blacks often score below whites on standardized intelligence tests. This leads some “nature” proponents to conclude that blacks are biologically inferior to whites. (5)Behaviorists, in contrast, say that differences in scores are due to the fact that blacks are often deprived of many of the educational and other environmental advantages that whites enjoy.

　　Most people think neither of these theories can yet fully explain human behavior.

　　Section B

　　Direction: Translate the following sentences into English. Write your translation on the ANSWER SHEET.

　　1. 有些人认为学校工作人员不应该干涉学生的个人行为，除非直接关系到学习或教学楼内或校园内的人身安全。

　　2. 大学毕业的人中可能在家中上网冲浪的人数是只受过小学教育的人的16倍。

　　3. 可以说，这期间我国财富有了巨额增加，整个国民经济上了一个新台阶。

　　4. 1994年，随着很快临近20岁生日，她感到自己处于个人和职业的十字路口上。

　　5. 虽说不是每一个在美国生活的人都在为反对污染而斗争，但是完全可以说，几乎人人都意识到了污染对土地、空气、及水的质量所产生的影响。

　　Part Ⅱ Writing (30 minutes, 15 points)

　　Directions: For this part, you are to write a short essay entitled Due Attention Should Be Given to the Study of Chinese. You should write at least 150 words following the outline given below:

　　近年来在学生中出现了忽视中文学习的现象

　　出现这种现象的原因和后果

　　为了改变这种状况，我认为……

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