11. but ( 除…之外 ) Who but a fool would do such a thing?

　　I have nothing but a book in my hand. I'm the last but one to get here.

　　12.by(经过) She passed by me without saying goodbye to me.

　　The woman is standing by the door. By the time we got to the station， the train had left.

　　By the end of the year， we have trained 400 people.

　　I came here by taxi. (by bus， by plane， by ship， on foot )

　　The girl isn't an actress by profession. (actor 男演员) What's the time by your watch?

　　Consumer goods production will go up by 6 % this year.

　　I met him by chance yesterday. (by chance 偶尔碰到)

　　We all have to abide by the rules. (abide by 遵守)

　　In order to pass the exam， we have to learn the texts by heart.

　　At the age of ten she began to live by herself.(by oneself 独自)

　　13. except (除去) None of us have seen the film except my sister.

　　He comes to school every day except Saturday.

　　She is alone in the world except for her mother.

　　14. for(为了)

　　Thank you for spending so much time listening to me explain.

　　Thank you for spending so much time listening to my explanation.

　　Forgive me for being late. (表原因) I'm sorry for what has happened.

　　The coat is for sale. (for sale 出售)

　　Whenever she is in trouble， she'll turn to her parents for help.

　　(be in trouble 处在困难之中 turn to 向某人求助)

　　We left Beijing for Shanghai last week. (leave…for… 动身去)

　　I sold the flat for 100，000 yuan. (flat， apartment 公寓，house 别墅，)

　　How much do you pay for the coat? (pay for 付款)

　　I do this all for your good. (for one's good 为了某人好)

　　They do this for the sake of their mother. (for the sake of 因为)

　　15. from(来自……) We've learnt a lot from our teacher.

　　They are busy from morning to night.(from……to…… 从……到……)

　　The letter is from your parents. I have been away from home for a long time.

　　(be away from home 离开家)

　　The film we saw yesterday was different from the novel.

　　(be different from 与……不同，differ from)

　　The wine is made from the best grapes.

　　make from 化学变化 make of 物理变化 The desk is made of wood.

　　make sth. up 由……组成

　　Animal bodies are made up of cells.

　　Society is made up of people of widely differing abilities.

　　make with sth. 迅速拿出或提供某物 Make with the beers， buster. 伙计，拿啤酒来。

　　make for 为……做…… She made coffee for all of us.

　　Millions of people are suffering from the war.(suffer from 遭受)

　　He is weak from lack of sleep. (lack of 缺乏)

　　I try to prevent them from doing the work， but in vain.

　　(prevent sb. from doing sth. 阻止某人做某事) (in vain 毫无作用，徒劳)

　　The situation is getting from bad to worse. The guest is talking from beginning to the end.

　　16. in(在……里) We'll be back in three days.

　　( He came back three days ago.)

　　Do you work in the daytime or at night?

　　We'll be back in no time. (in no time 立刻，马上)

　　He is always in a good mood. (in a good mood 情绪很好 in a bad mood 情绪很糟)

　　I have no difficulty/ trouble in solving the problem. (no difficulty in doing sth. 没有困难)

　　Did you have any difficulty in finding the hotel?

　　They have done it in a wrong way. (in a wrong way 错误的方式)

　　They accepted the plan in principle. (in principle 原则上)

　　17. into(进入) Let's go into the room. I worked far into the night.

　　The house has been turned into a museum.( turn into 变成 )

　　We must put these theories into practice.

　　They all burst into laughter. (burst into 爆发)

　　At the news， my sister burst into tears. (burst into tears 放声大哭)

　　I ran into my former classmate at the station. We haven't seen each other for a long time.

　　(run into 偶然碰到，偶然遇到)

　　18. like(像……) He likes its mother. 他喜欢他的母亲。

　　The baby looks like its mother. It looks like snow.

　　What's the weather like today? I don't feel like eating anything. What does it look(taste) like?

　　19. of(……的) Have you got the Complete Works of Lu Hsun?

　　We're of the same opinion. (be of 赞同)

　　Electricity is of great use in industry and everyday life. (be of use=be useful)

　　Your help is of great value to us. (be of value=be valuable)

　　I often think of the days we spent together. (think of 想起)

　　I read it quite by chance in a magazine. (by chance 偶然)

　　It's very kind of you to remind me of it. ( remind sb. of sth. 提醒某人某事)

　　The picture reminds me of the time we spent together in Dalian.

　　We're proud of our son. (be proud of 以……为骄傲)

　　The little boy is afraid of dogs. (be afraid of 害怕) It's just waste of time.

　　He is ashamed of his past.(be ashamed of 羞耻，惭愧) The village is short of water.(be short of 缺少)

　　I do all these of my own will. (of one's own 出于某人的意愿)

　　20. on(在……上) You hit the nail on the head. 你这话击中了要害。

　　Put the book on the shelf， please.

　　My mother was born on April 14， 1947.

　　(哪一年用in，具体到某一天用on)

　　He left Beijing for home on the morning of July 2.

　　(in the morning ， 具体到某一天的上午、下午、晚上用on )

　　On the eve of their departure， they gave a farewell banquet. (on the eve of 在……前夕)

　　We usually get up late on Sunday morning. On his return he told us about the meeting.

　　They will go on a visit to Asia. (go on a visit=visit )

　　He is here on business. (be on business 做生意)

　　The workers at the airport is on strike. (be on strike 罢工)

　　When we came back， we found our house on fire. (on fire 着火)

　　The professor is making a speech on the current situation.(关于)

　　This house is on sale. (on sale 出售) Who's on duty today?

　　The girl insists on leaving home and depends on herself for a living.

　　(insist on 坚持 depend on 依靠，依赖)

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