31.annoy, bother, trouble, disturb
annoy指外界的干扰令人讨厌或无法忍受，或指某人故意去妨碍别人。
bother打扰，麻烦，指给人行动带来不便或身心上带来痛苦。如：May I trouble you with a few questions?
disturb打扰，扰乱，指使正常秩序或一时的安定受到破坏，精力一时不能集中。如：I am sorry to disturb you.
32.answer, reply, respond
用作动词，都可表“回答”，“答复”。
answer是常用词，后可接letter(回信)，question(回答问题)，doorbell(开门)，telephone(接电话)，advertisement(应征广告)等。
reply较正式，一般只作不及物动词，可与to连用。如：He has replied to my letter.(他回答了我信中提的问题。)
respond作“回答”解，用得较少，也同to 搭配。如：He quickly responded to the question. (他很快就回答了问题。)
另外，respond还可表“对……反应”，“响应”。
33. appreciate, enjoy
appreciate指对事物有深刻的理解能力并能鉴赏。
enjoy是一般用语，仅指感官或智力上的满足，“享受”的意味较强。
34. approve, prove
approve(1)赞成，同意。如：I don’t approve of wasting time.(我不赞成浪费时间。)
(2)批准，通过。如：The minister approved the building plan. 部长批准了建筑计划。
prove和approve词形相似，prove是“证明”，“表明是”等。
35. argue, debate, dispute
argue着重“说理”，“论证”，“企图说明”，且后可接that引导的从句。
debate着重双方各自陈述理由，尤其是“公开地”、“正式地”辩论。如：The subject was hotly debated.
dispute着重就分歧进行热烈的“争论”，含有“相持不下”或“未得到解决”的意味。如：He disputed with his wife on household expenses.
36. arise, rise, raise
arise表无形的东西(如困难，问题等)“出现”，“发生”。
rise指具体事物的“上升”，“升起”，也是不及物动词。如：The sun rises in the east.(太阳从东边升起。)
raise为及物动词，“使……上升”，“举起”等。如：He raised his hand.(他举了手。)
37. assure, ensure, insure
assure以十分肯定的语气向别人保证某事一定会发生，后需连用人称代词或指人的名词作宾语。
ensure表普通的“保证”。
insure表“保险”，有时同ensure可以换用。
38. awake, wake, waken
都可作动词。
awake既可及物，也可不及物，多用于比喻。
wake常指“睡醒”，多为不及物动词。
waken多用作及物动词，常指“吵醒”，“惊醒”。
39. await, wait
await是及物动词。如：I await your further instructions.
wait“等”、“等候”，是不及物动词，后常接介词for。如：I will wait for you at the school gate.
40. award, prize, reward
award, reward作动词。award意为“授予(奖品，奖金等)”，后面可跟双宾语；reward意为“报酬”，“酬谢”，只能跟人或以人的行为作宾语。
award, prize, reward作名词时，award常指奖金，奖品；prize多指在竞赛、竞争中获胜所赢得的奖；reward则指为某项劳动或行为所付的酬金。
41. base, basis
base表事物的下部的底部，多用于具体事物。
basis多用于比喻，主要指命题的基础。如：His ideas have no basis in reality.(他的意见缺乏现实基础。)
42. beat, win
beat表在比赛和战斗中打败对手，后接对手作宾语。
Win作及物动词时，其宾语为游戏、比赛、战斗、奖金等名词。如：He has won the race.(他赢得了赛跑的胜利。)
43. beneath, below, under
beneath表示同表面接触，与on 相对。Below表示“在下面，低于”，与above相对。
under表示“在……正下方”与over相对。
44. beside, besides
beside在……旁边。如：Come and sit beside me.
besides除……之外。如：I have two other umbrellas besides this one.
45. big, great, large
big强调体积，质量，容量和重量大。如：a big box。Big也有抽象意义，指重大的事件或行为。如：a big mistake
great带感情色彩，多指程度和质量，指具体事物或人时，表“突出”，“引人注目”。如：a great man
large多指面积，数目或数量大。如：a large population, a large number等。
46. bloom, blossom
bloom多指供观赏植物的开花。如：The roses are blooming.
blossom多指果树等植物的开花。如：The apple trees are blossoming.
47. borrow, lend
borrow借入。如：Can I borrow your pen for a moment?
lend把……借给。如：Can you lend me your bike?
48. bring, take
bring带来。如：Bring me some water, please.
take拿走。如：Shall I take some flowers when I go and see her?
49. calculate, compute, estimate
calculate通常指用数学方法进行比较复杂，难度较大的精确计算。如：You can’t expect a schoolboy to calculate distances in astronomy.
compute常指比较简单的运算。如：It was computed that two thirds of the students in the class passed the examination.
estimate估计，常指对数量、成本等事先进行判断或估计。如：Some farmers asked the weatherman to estimate next year’s rainfall.
50. cheat, deceive, trick
cheat欺骗，常用词，主要指为了自己的利益欺骗人。
deceive表示隐瞒真相或以假相骗人。如：The boy deceived the teacher by lying.
trick哄骗，表示耍手段进行欺骗，强调在行骗时使用计策，有时也指并非出于恶意的欺骗。如：Tom cleverly tricked his mother into approval.
51. childish, childlike
childish幼稚的。如：It was very childish of him to lose his temper over something so unimportant.
childlike孩子般天真的。如：When she won the gold medal, there was childlike smile on her face.
52. choose, pick, select, elect
choose是一常用词，表一般的“选择”。
pick通常用于不需要认真权衡，对比就能做出决定。
select侧重“在同类的许多东西中，进行有斟酌的精选”。
elect指选举或用其他方法推选人。
53. cloth, clothing
cloth布。如：I need three yards of cloth to make a suit.
clothing衣服(总称)。如：You’d better give all the old clothing away.
54. complex, complicated
均可表“复杂”。
complex为常用词。
complicated为正式用词，表由于组成部分太多，相互关系太复杂而不能理解，语气很强。
55. compose, consist, constitute
compose为常用词，常用被动语态，如用主动语态，主语应用复数形式。如：Twelve men compose a jury.(十二人组成陪审团。)
consist表一个整体由几个部分组成(只能用主动语态)。如：The United Kingdom consists of Great Britain and Northern Island.(联合王国是由大不列颠及北爱尔兰组 成。)
constitute为正式用词，与consist相反，表由哪些部分构成整体。如：Twelve months constitute a year.(一年有十二个月。)
56. considerable, considerate
considerable相当多的，可观的。如：He met a considerable amount of trouble.(他遇到了许多麻烦。)
considerate 考虑周到的，体谅的。如：It was considerate of you not to trouble us.(你真体贴人，不打扰我们。)
57. consistent, constant, continual, continuous
consistent一致的，符合的。如：His action is always consistent with his words.
constant不断的，表示持续和惯常的重现，往往没有变化。如：He attributes his health to his constant exercise.
continual频频的，不停的，时断时续，中间可有间歇。如：Continual smoking is bad for health.
continuous不断延伸的，连续不断的，强调中间无间断。如：Everything in the universe undergoes continuous development and change.
58. crack, crash
crack(使)破裂，砸开。如：I can crack it, but I can’t break it. (我能把它弄裂，但不能把它弄破。)
crash摔坏，坠毁。如：The plane crashed shortly after the take-off.(飞机起飞不久就坠毁了。)
59. crawl, creep
crawl多指蛇，虫类等身体沿地面或其他表面的动作。如：There is an insect crawling up your back. (有一虫子正在你的背上往上爬。)
creep多指哺乳动物或人等用四肢爬行的动物偷偷摸摸无声缓慢的前行动作。如：They arrived late and crept into the classroom.(我们迟到了，便悄悄地溜进教室。)
60. cure, treat
cure治愈，医治。如：The medicine will cure of your disease.(这药能治好你的病。)
cure表示治好，treat只表示“给……治病”。
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