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¡¡¡¡Part ¢ò Reading Comprehension (35 minutes)ª¤

¡¡¡¡Directions:There are 4 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements.For each of them there are four choices marked A),B),C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.ª¤

¡¡¡¡Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage:

¡¡¡¡ª¤ Ascientist who does research in economic psychology and who wants to predict the way in which consumers will spend their money must study consumer behavior. He must obtain data both on resources of consumers and on the motives that tend to encourage or discourage money spending.

¡¡¡¡If an economist as asked which of three groups borrow most¡ªpeople with rising incomes, stable incomes, or declining incomes¡ªhe would probably answer:those with declining incomes. Actually, in the years 1947¡ª1950, the answer was: people with rising incomes. People with declining incomes were next and people with stable incomes borrowed the least. This shows us that traditional assumptions about earning and spending are not always reliable. Another traditional assumption is that if people who have money expect prices to go up, they will hasten to buy. If they expect prices to go down, they will postpone buying. But research surveys have shown that this is not always true. The expectations of price increase may not stimulate buying. One typical attitude was expressed by the wife of a mechanic in an interview at a time of rising prices. ¡°In a few months,¡± she said, ¡°we¡¯ll have to pay more for meat and milk; we¡¯ll have less to spend on other things.¡± Her family had been planning to buy a new car but they postponed this purchase. Furthermore, the rise in prices that has already taken place may be resented and buyer¡¯s resistance may be evoked.

¡¡¡¡The investigations mentioned above were carried out in America. Investigations conducted at the same time in Great Britain, however, yielded results that were more in agreement with traditional assumptions about saving and spending patterns. The condition most conductive to spending appears to be price stability. If prices have been stable and people consider that they are reasonable, they are likely to buy. Thus, it appears that the common business policy of maintaining stable prices is based on a correct understanding of consumer psychology. ª¤

¡¡¡¡21.If a scientist wants to study consumer behavior, what must he do? ª¤

¡¡¡¡A) He must predict the way in which consumers will spend their money. ª¤

¡¡¡¡B) He must do scientific research.

¡¡¡¡ª¤C) He must know background of customers.

¡¡¡¡ª¤D) He must do research and learn the resources and motives of customers. ª¤

¡¡¡¡22.Which of the following groups borrow money most according to traditional assumption?

¡¡¡¡ª¤A) People with rising incomes. ª¤

¡¡¡¡B) People with stable incomes. ª¤

¡¡¡¡C) People with declining incomes.

¡¡¡¡ª¤D) None of the above.

¡¡¡¡ª¤23.Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage?

¡¡¡¡ª¤A) Traditional assumptions about earning and spending are not always reliable.

¡¡¡¡ª¤B) The condition that most helps to produce spending appears to be price rising. ª¤

¡¡¡¡C) Maintaining stable prices is a common business policy.

¡¡¡¡ª¤D) The results of the investigation in America were not the same as those in Great Britain.

¡¡¡¡ª¤24.The research survey in America have showed that when the prices rise, ____.

¡¡¡¡ª¤A) people will hasten to buy ª¤

¡¡¡¡B) people will stop buying

¡¡¡¡ª¤C) people will postpone their purchase ª¤

¡¡¡¡D) people will buy more than they can use

¡¡¡¡ª¤25.The saving and spending patterns in America are ____ those at the same time in Britain. ª¤

¡¡¡¡A) different from B) much better than C) the same asD) much worse than

¡¡¡¡Questions 26 to 30 are¡¡based on the following passage.ª¤

¡¡¡¡In the past, American families tended to be quite large. Parents raising¡¡five or more children were common. Over the years, the size of the family has decreased. One reason for this is an increase in the cost of living. On¡¡the average, children attend schools for more years than they used to,¡¡making them financially dependent on their families longer. Moreover, children nowadays are better dressed and have more money to spend on entertainment. The parents usually take the responsibility for all the expenses. Meanwhile, families are less close than they used to be. More and more American mothers work away from home. The breakª¤up of the family occurs when the parents divorce. A lot of children in the U. S. live part of their young lives with only one parent. Broken families usually result in problems for children and parents alike. Children blame themselves when their parents separate. They grow up feeling unsettled as they are moved back and forth between parents. Usually one parent is responsible for raising the children. These single parents must care for the children¡¯s emotional and psychological needs while also supporting them financially. This is very demanding and leaves very little time for the parent¡¯s own personal interests. Single parents often marry other single parents. In this type of family, unrelated children are forced to develop brother or sister relationship. The situations of many American families today are not good. However, recent signs indicate that things are getting better. The divorce rate is declining. The rate of childbirth is rising. Perhaps Americans have learned how important families are.

¡¡¡¡ª¤26.In the past, American families tended to be ____. ª¤

¡¡¡¡A) quite small B) medium ª¤sized C) quite large D) small

¡¡¡¡ª¤27. To parents who take the responsibility for children¡¯s¡¡expenses, the cost of living increases because ____.

¡¡¡¡ª¤A) children attend school for more years ª¤B) children are better dressed

¡¡¡¡ª¤C) children spend more money on entertainment ª¤D) all of the above

¡¡¡¡ª¤28.What problems would broken families bring to both children and parents?

¡¡¡¡ª¤A) Children grow up feeling unsettled and parents didn¡¯t pay much attention to children.

¡¡¡¡ª¤B) Children grow up feeling free and one parent is responsible for raising the children.

¡¡¡¡ª¤C) Children are moved back and forth between parents and the single parent is busy working to make money to support himself/herself.

¡¡¡¡ª¤D) Children grow up feeling unsettled, and the parents have little¡¡time for his/her own interests because one parent is too busy taking care of children.

¡¡¡¡ª¤29.According to the author, the situations of American families in the future may ____.

¡¡¡¡ª¤A) become worse C) get better

¡¡¡¡ª¤B) remain the same D) keep unchanged ª¤

¡¡¡¡30.The title of the article might be ____. ª¤

¡¡¡¡A) American Children C) American Mother ª¤

¡¡¡¡B) American Families D) American Parents

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